What makes a home environmentally friendly?

Key takeaways

• Environmental performance can be measured in several ways. EPC ratings give an overall measurement of energy efficiency, but biodiversity and building methods also contribute to sustainability
• Sustainable materials may help reduce environmental impact. Responsibly sourced and recycled products can help reduce the environmental impact of homebuilding
• Energy-efficiency features can contribute to lower energy consumption. Effective insulation, glazing, modern heating systems and smart controls can contribute to improved home performance and reduce energy usage

What does an environmentally friendly home look like?

Environmentally friendly homes are designed with sustainability in mind. While lower energy bills are often associated with sustainability, environmental impact extends beyond household running costs.

Construction methods, including building materials, as well as water efficiency, durability and biodiversity, can all contribute to a home's overall sustainability. Sustainable building, for instance, often uses resources that minimise the environmental impact of homebuilding, such as responsibly sourcing timber to promote an effective use of raw materials.

Four questions to ask when assessing a home's environmental performance

If you're wondering whether your home or a potential new property is sustainable and eco-friendly, we have a few questions for you to consider.

1. Was the home built using sustainable construction methods?

Construction can significantly impact the environment. Consider whether the property uses responsibly sourced or recycled materials during construction. For added sustainability in the long-term, through electricity and heat generation, you may also want to check whether the home uses solar panels or includes a heat pump.

2. How energy efficient is the property?

Energy efficiency is one of the most visible indicators of sustainability. Standard features to reduce energy consumption often include insulation, double or triple glazing and efficient heating systems. Other features such as waste water recovery technology can also contribute to energy efficiency. This feature uses outgoing warm wastewater to pre-heat the cold mains water entering the home, less energy is needed, which can help cut costs.

3. Is the home built to last?

Durable homes may require fewer repairs and replacements over time. Quality construction and long-lasting materials can contribute to a property's environmental performance throughout its lifespan. However, while greater durability may reduce the need for repairs and replacement materials, this does not necessarily demonstrate better environmental performance overall. The impact of the original materials and their expected service life would also need to be considered.

4. Does the development support biodiversity?

Green spaces, wildlife habitats and biodiversity measures can help support local ecosystems and may enhance residents' enjoyment of the surrounding environment. The materials used during construction can also contribute to wider sustainability considerations.

How sustainable building materials can reduce environmental impact

The materials used to construct a home can influence its overall environmental impact. Many Homebuilders consider a range of sustainability measures during construction, including the use of recycled materials and efforts to reduce waste. Some products, such as low-carbon concrete tiles, may be associated with lower manufacturing emissions than conventional alternatives.

Sustainable construction features you can look for

Sustainable homes usually include environmentally friendly construction features like recycled or responsibly sourced materials. Other features to look out for include:

• Solar panels. These are fitted onto either the front or back of the home's roof, depending on the orientation of the specific property
• Waste water heat recovery systems. This device utilises outgoing warm waste water to pre-heat the cold mains water coming into the home
• Decentralised mechanical extract ventilation. This energy-efficient ventilation solution uses small fans that are fitted in bathrooms and kitchens
• Air Source Heat Pump. Providing heating and hot water this device uses electricity to transfer heat energy from the outside air into the home

Why energy efficiency is a key part of sustainability

Energy efficiency helps reduce the amount of energy needed to heat, cool and power a home. Lower energy consumption can reduce environmental impact while improving your everyday comfort.

Many modern homes are designed with energy performance in mind. Features such as effective insulation, energy-efficient glazing and modern heating systems may help reduce heat loss throughout the year. This is one reason why energy-efficient new builds are often associated with improved environmental performance compared with some older properties.

Features that can improve a home's energy efficiency

If you're looking to make your home sustainable, there are a few features that can improve a home's energy efficiency. These include:

Why water efficiency matters in sustainable homes

Water is another important resource to consider when assessing sustainability. Efficient water use can help reduce overall consumption and support responsible resource management. Many sustainable homes incorporate water-saving features such as low-flow taps, efficient shower fittings and appliances designed to minimise water usage. These measures can contribute to reduced household consumption while supporting wider environmental objectives.

How long-term durability supports sustainability

Sustainability is not only about reducing energy use. The lifespan of a home and the durability of its materials can also play a role. Buildings that last longer and require fewer repairs may reduce demand for replacement materials over time. Thanks to quality construction methods and durable finishes, performance can be maintained for longer periods. This may contribute to the sustainability of both the property and the wider environment.

Biodiversity features buyers can look for

Supporting the natural environment by maintaining biodiversity can contribute to sustainable homes. This can look like:

• Native planting schemes that support local wildlife
• Green spaces within developments
• Bird nesting features where appropriate
• Pollinator-friendly planting
• Retained natural habitats
• Landscaping designed to encourage biodiversity

Are newer homes typically more environmentally friendly?

While every property is different, many new-build homes support improved efficiency thanks to modern build standards. This means that new build EPC ratings are often better than older properties, sitting within the A to B range.

The benefits of this can be a reduction in energy consumption and lower energy bills. Features that support efficient energy usage in sustainable new-build homes often include:

A buyer's checklist for assessing energy efficiency

To help you assess the energy efficiency of a property, we have put together a checklist:

1. Review the property's EPC rating
2. Check the level and quality of insulation
3. Assess the condition and specification of windows and glazing
4. Review the heating system and controls
5. Ask about ventilation systems
6. Consider potential energy consumption throughout the year
7. Check for water-efficient fixtures and fittings
8. Look for evidence of sustainable construction materials
9. Assess the durability and condition of key components
10. Review biodiversity and green space features
11. Compare environmental performance across multiple properties
12. Consider long-term running costs alongside energy efficiency

Gather the relevant documents from your estate agent or developer to accurately assess your home's energy efficiency.

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Disclaimer:

This article is for general informational purposes only and does not constitute professional advice. Please speak with a mortgage, financial or legal adviser for more information regarding your specific circumstances.